染色质与表观遗传学系列讲座第19场 – Maria-Elena Torres-Padilla

发布日期：2021-12-07　　浏览次数：13306

活动时间 | Time

北京时间2021年12月7日（周二） 20:00-21:00

2021 December 7th Tuesday 20:00-21:00 (Beijing Time)

参与方式 | Location

Zoom网络研讨会: 843 6931 3262

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主讲人 | Speaker

Maria-Elena Torres-Padilla

主讲人简介 | Speaker Biography

Dr. Maria-Elena did her undergraduate studies at the Faculty of Sciences of the UNAM, Mexico and obtained her PhD at the Institut Pasteur, Paris in 2002. She was a postdoctoral fellow at The Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, UK between 2002 and 2006 and then worked as a senior scientist with Laszlo Tora. She started her own lab at the IGBMC in Strasbourg, France in December 2008. Since January 2016, she is the Director of the Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells at the Helmholtz Centre in Munich and Professor of Stem Cell Biology at the Ludwigs Maximilians University. Her research group is focused on studying the epigenetics and cell fate in early mammalian development. In mammals, epigenetic reprogramming, the acquisition and loss of totipotency, and the first cell fate decision all occur within a three-day window after fertilization of the oocyte. Molecularly, these processes are poorly understood, yet this knowledge is an essential prerequisite to uncover principles of stem cells, chromatin biology and thus regenerative medicine. Specifically, the Torres-Padilla Lab investigates the dynamics of de novo heterochromatin formation in mammalian embryos; the chromatin remodelling mechanisms and its impacts on cellular plasticity and establishment of totipotency.

Maria-Elena Torres-Padilla博士本科毕业于墨西哥国立自治大学（UNAM）理学院，于2002年在巴黎巴斯德研究所（Institut Pasteur）获得博士学位。她于2002年至2006年在英国剑桥大学戈登研究所（The Gurdon Institute）担任博士后研究员，随后作为高级科学家与Laszlo Tora共事。她于2008年12月在法国斯特拉斯堡的遗传学与分子和细胞生物学研究所（IGBMC）开设了自己的实验室。 自2016年1月起，她担任慕尼黑亥姆霍兹中心（Helmholtz Centre）表观遗传学和干细胞研究所所长，以及路德维希马克西米利安大学（Ludwigs Maximilians University）干细胞生物学教授。她的研究小组专注于研究早期哺乳动物发育中的细胞命运和表观遗传学。在哺乳动物中，表观遗传重编程、全能性的获得和丧失以及第一个细胞命运决定都发生在卵母细胞受精后的三天内。人们对这些过程的分子层面仍知之甚少，这些知识是揭示干细胞、染色质生物学和再生医学原理的必要先决条件。具体而言，Torres-Padilla实验室研究哺乳动物胚胎中异染色质从头形成的动力学；染色质重塑机制及其对细胞可塑性和全能性建立的影响。

报告标题 | Title

Epigenetic Mechanisms in Early Mammalian Development

报告摘要 | Abstract

Totipotency is a fundamental cellular feature. In mammals, the terminally differentiated sperm and oocyte fuse to create a totipotent zygote upon fertilisation. The mechanisms underlying the epigenetic reprogramming towards totipotency that follows fertilisation are not fully understood, and the molecular features of totipotent cells remain scarce. Embryonic cells remain totipotent only for a restricted time window. During this time, embryonic cells are characterised by an atypical chromatin structure and reactivation of specific families of retrotransposons. Recently, it was reported that totipotent-like cells arise in ES cell cultures in vitro. Like in the embryo, these cells are characterised by the expression of MERVL LTR retrotransposons. To address how the expression of these elements is regulated during the transition between totipotent and pluripotent states, we first examined histone modifications and chromatin structure in early mouse embryos. Remarkably, we have found that specific features of embryonic chromatin are also present in totipotent-like cells in vitro. Based on this analysis, we have begun to decipher key molecular regulators of repetitive elements in the embryo, and how they contribute to shaping the regulatory programme of the newly formed embryo. Our results have identified candidate pathways that regulate chromatin function and expression of these elements and show that they can promote totipotency. We will present our latest results that reveal a new role for chromatin integrity in promoting epigenetic reprogramming and sustaining molecular features of totipotent cells invivo.

主讲人近年发表论文| Recent Publications

1) Burton A, Torres-Padilla ME. (2021). Deconfining heterochromatin for expression. Nat Cell Biol. DOI: 10.1038/s41556-021-00726-6. PMID: 34354235.

2) Antonio Urrutia G, Ramachandran H, Cauchy P, Boo K, Ramamoorthy S, Boller S, Dogan E, Clapes T, Trompouki E, Torres-Padilla ME, Palvimo JJ, Pichler A, Grosschedl R. (2021). ZFP451-mediated SUMOylation of SATB2 drives embryonic stem cell differentiation. Genes Dev. PMID: 34244292. DOI: 10.1101/gad.345843.120.

3) Pinheiro I, Torres-Padilla ME, Almouzni G. (2021). Epigenomics in the single cell era, an important read out for genome function and cell identity. Epigenomics. PMID: 34114476. DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0153.

4) Iturbide A, Ruiz Tejeda Segura ML, Noll C, Schorpp K, Rothenaigner I, Ruiz-Morales ER, Lubatti G, Agami A, Hadian K, Scialdone A, Torres-Padilla ME. (2021). Retinoic acid signaling is critical during the totipotency window in early mammalian development. Nat Struct Mol Biol. PMID: 34045724. DOI: 10.1038/s41594-021-00590-w.

5) Hermant C, Torres-Padilla ME. (2021). TFs for TEs: the transcription factor repertoire of mammalian transposable elements. Genes Dev. PMID: 33397727. DOI: 10.1101/gad.344473.120.

6) Pal M., Kind J., Torres-Padilla M.E. (2020). DamID to Map Genome-Protein Interactions in Preimplantation Mouse Embryos. Methods Mol Biol. PMID: 32944916. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0958-3_18.

7) Ancelin K., Miyanari Y., Leroy O., Torres-Padilla M.E., Heard E. (2020). Mapping of Chromosome Territories by 3D-Chromosome Painting During Early Mouse Development. Methods Mol Biol. PMID: 32944910. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0958-3_12.

8) Rajewsky N., Almouzni G., Gorski SA., Aerts S., Amit I., Bertero M.G., Bock C., Bredenoord A.L., Cavalli G., Chiocca S., Clevers H., De Strooper B., Eggert A., Ellenberg J., Fernández X.M., Figlerowicz M., Gasser S.M., Hubner N., Kjems J., Knoblich J.A., Krabbe G., Lichter P., Linnarsson S., Marine J.C., Marioni J., Marti-Renom M.A., Netea M.G., Nickel D., Nollmann M., Novak H.R., Parkinson H., Piccolo S., Pinheiro I., Pombo A., Popp C., Reik W., Roman-Roman S., Rosenstiel P., Schultze J.L., Stegle O., Tanay A., Testa G., Thanos D., Theis F.J., Torres-Padilla M.E., Valencia A., Vallot C., van Oudenaarden A., Vidal M., Voet T.; LifeTime Community. (2020). LifeTime and improving European healthcare through cell-based interceptive medicine. Nature. PMID: 32894860. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2715-9.

9) Torres-Padilla M.E., Bredenoord A.L., Jongsma K.R., Lunkes A., Marelli L., Pinheiro I., Testa G. (2020). Thinking "ethical" when designing an international, cross-disciplinary biomedical research consortium. EMBO J. PMID: 32894572. DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020105725.

10) Fiorentino J., Torres-Padilla M.E., Scialdone A. (2020). Measuring and Modeling Single-Cell Heterogeneity and Fate Decision in Mouse Embryos. Annu Rev Genet. PMID: 32867543. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-021920-110200.

11) Genet M., Torres-Padilla M.E. (2020). The molecular and cellular features of 2-cell-like cells: a reference guide. Development. PMID: 32847823. DOI: 10.1242/dev.189688.

12) Burton, A., Brochard, V., Galan, C., Ruiz-Morales, E. R., Rovira, Q., Rodriguez-Terrones, D., Kruse, K., Le Gras, S., Udayakumar, V. S., Chin, H. G., Eid, A., Liu, X., Wang, C., Gao, S., Pradhan, S., Vaquerizas, J. M., Beaujean, N., Jenuwein, T., & Torres-Padilla, M. E. (2020). Heterochromatin establishment during early mammalian development is regulated by pericentromeric RNA and characterized by non-repressive H3K9me3. Nat Cell Bio. PMID: 32601371. DOI; 10.1038/s41556-020-0536-6.

13) Iturbide, A., & Torres-Padilla, M. E. (2020). A cell in hand is worth two in the embryo: recent advances in 2-cell like cell reprogramming. Curr Opin Genetic Dev. PMID: 32599301. DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2020.05.038.

14) Torres-Padilla, M.E. (2020). On transposons and totipotency. Philos Trans R Soc B - Biol Sci. PMID: 32075562. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0339.

15) Cebrià-Costa, J.P. , Pascual-Reguant, L. , Gonzalez-Perez, A. , Serra-Bardenys, G. , Querol, J. , Cosín, M. , Verde, G. , Cigliano, R.A. , Sanseverino, W. , Segura-Bayona, S. , Iturbide Martinez De Albeniz, A. , Andreu, D. , Nuciforo, P. , Bernado-Morales, C. , Rodilla, V. , Arribas, J. , Yelamos, J. , de Herreros, A.G. , Stracker, T.H. , Peiró, S. (2020). LOXL2-mediated H3K4 oxidation reduces chromatin accessibility in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Oncogene. PMID: 31462706. DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0969-1.

16) Rodriguez-Terrones, D. , Hartleben, G. , Gaume, X. , Eid, A. , Guthmann, M. , Iturbide Martinez De Albeniz, A. , Torres-Padilla, M.E. (2020). . A distinct metabolic state arises during the emergence of 2-cell-like cells. EMBO Rep. PMID: 31849178. DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948354. 

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